Socioeconomic Transformations Driven by Aquaculture in Rural Livelihood Systems

Dipangka Saikia

Abstract

Aquaculture has emerged as one of the fastest growing food production sectors in the world and has become increasingly significant for rural development in many low and middle income countries. Beyond its contribution to food security and nutrition aquaculture plays a crucial role in shaping rural livelihoods through income generation employment creation asset formation and social transformation. This article examines the socio-economic impacts of aquaculture on rural livelihoods with a focus on income diversification poverty reduction gender roles community resilience and local economic development. Drawing upon empirical studies from Asia Africa and Latin America the article highlights both positive outcomes and emerging challenges associated with aquaculture expansion. While aquaculture has enhanced household incomes reduced vulnerability and stimulated rural economies it has also raised concerns related to inequality resource access environmental sustainability and social exclusion. The paper argues that the socio-economic benefits of aquaculture are maximized when inclusive governance supportive policies and environmentally responsible practices are adopted. Understanding these multidimensional impacts is essential for designing development strategies that ensure aquaculture contributes meaningfully to sustainable rural livelihoods.