The Emerging Role of Biosensors in Agriculture

Pranjit Baruah and Chayanika Nath

Abstract:

The increasing global population and corresponding demand for food production have intensified the need for efficient and sustainable agricultural practices. Conventional methods of crop monitoring and disease management often fail to deliver rapid and precise results. Biosensors, analytical devices that combine a biological sensing element with a physicochemical transducer, have emerged as transformative tools in modern agriculture. These devices enable real-time monitoring of soil nutrients, detection of pathogens, pesticide residues, and environmental pollutants thereby supporting precision agriculture. Emphasis is also placed on recent advancements, challenges, and future prospects for integrating biosensors with digital technologies such as the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence for smart farming systems.