Major Soil Groups of India

Brijesh Kumar, Tarence Thomas and Chandrashekar Choudhary

Abstract

Soil is one of the world’s most important natural resources. Most of the living being are born in the soil or grow and develop on soil and merge into it after death. All living being directly and indirectly living on soil. Soil is heterogeneous system of solid liquid and gaseous component. India has a geographical area of 329.0 million hectares and lies between latitudes of 8⁰ 04^’ and 37⁰ 06^’ N and longitudes of 68⁰ 07^’ and 97⁰ 25^’ E⁰ situated. A characteristic feature of the climate in India is its three (i) Winter season (ii) Summer season (iii) Rainy season. The land surface in the country of 329.0 million hectare is predominantly covered with Alluvial soils, Black soils, Red soils, Desert soils, Laterites soils, Forest soils, Peaty marshy soils and Saline and alkali soils. The soil characteristics imparted by the climate, vegetation, local condition, time or age of land. Water, forests and land are the primary assets of any nations, of these, soil is the most vital.