Fetomaternal Disproportion as a cause of Dystocia in Bovines and its Obstetrical Management
Scientia Review
Volume 2, 2026 – Issue 10
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1 Dept. of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Veterinary Clinical Complex, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, India
3 Veterinary College and Research institute, Salem-636 112, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, India
Scientia Review
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2(10), 2026
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Article ID: SR01165
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ISSN: 3107-7919
Received: 20 September 2026
Revised: 21 September 2026
Accepted: 26 September 2026
Published online: 5 October 2026
Cite this article
Thangamani, A., Vigneshwaran, B., Sabarinathan, A., Prabaharan, V., & Elango, A. (2026). Fetomaternal Disproportion as a cause of Dystocia in Bovines and its Obstetrical Management. Scientia Review, 2(10), 16-18
Fetomaternal disproportion (FMD) is one of the leading causes of dystocia in cattle and buffaloes, primarily due to oversized fetus relative to maternal pelvic dimension. Early diagnosis and timely obstetrical intervention are crucial to save the dam and calf. This article describes practical approaches for management of FMD including per-vaginal forced extraction, fetotomy and caesarean section with their indications, techniques and clinical considerations for field veterinarians.
Keywords: Dystocia, Fetomaternal disproportion, Forced extraction, Fetotomy, Caesarean section