Advancing Agricultural Sustainability through Artificial Intelligence

Saurabh Nandavar

Abstract:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming agriculture by enabling smarter, more efficient and sustainable farming practices. Through tools like precision agriculture, crop monitoring and AI-powered data analysis, farmers can optimize input use, improve yields and reduce environmental impact. Real-world examples such as Microsoft’s AI Sowing App in India and Carbon Robotics’ Laser Weeder have shown impressive results, including yield increases of up to 40%, water savings of 30% and herbicide reductions of over 80%. AI combined with technologies like drones, IoT devices and autonomous machinery offers promising solutions to challenges like climate variability, pest outbreaks and resource scarcity. New advancements such as deep learning and generative AI are further improving prediction accuracy and decision-making tools. However, barriers such as high costs, poor rural infrastructure, limited data quality and ethical concerns remain. Inclusive design, supportive policies and open data initiatives are crucial to ensure that AI benefits are accessible to smallholder farmers and contribute to sustainable food security.