Evaluating the Economic Benefits of Climate Smart Agricultural Practices

Pallavi Deka & Pallabi Das

Abstract:

Climate change continues to threaten agricultural productivity, rural livelihoods and economic stability across the world. In response, Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) has emerged as a transformative approach integrating productivity enhancement, adaptation and mitigation strategies. The economic implications of CSA are of growing importance as they determine the long-term feasibility and attractiveness of these practices to farmers. Climate smart interventions such as conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, precision farming, agroforestry and water-efficient irrigation systems contribute significantly to farm-level profitability, resource efficiency and risk reduction. Empirical studies demonstrate that CSA generates tangible economic gains through improved yields, reduced input costs, diversified income streams and increased resilience against climate shocks. Despite these advantages, constraints including high initial investment, limited access to finance and weak institutional support impede large-scale adoption. Strengthened policies, inclusive financing mechanisms and capacity development are vital for enhancing the economic potential of CSA. The integration of digital tools, innovative markets and public-private partnerships will further accelerate the transition towards a climate-resilient and economically sustainable agricultural system.